Fire safety is a critical aspect of workplace safety, and businesses must comply with state regulations to ensure the well-being of employees and customers. In New Mexico, the regulations governing fire extinguishers in businesses are outlined in the New Mexico Administrative Code (NMAC). This guide provides an overview of these regulations, helping business owners understand their responsibilities and maintain compliance.

Overview of New Mexico Administrative Code

The New Mexico Administrative Code (NMAC) is a compilation of the rules and regulations enacted by state agencies in New Mexico. These rules are designed to implement and enforce state laws. 

Fire safety regulations, including those for fire extinguishers, fall under Title 10, Chapter 25 of the NMAC, which pertains to the State Fire Marshal.

Requirements for Fire Extinguishers

1. Placement and Accessibility

One of the primary requirements is the strategic placement and accessibility of fire extinguishers. According to the NMAC, fire extinguishers must be located so that they are readily accessible in the event of a fire.

This means:

• Fire extinguishers should be placed along normal paths of travel, including exits.
• They must be installed in conspicuous locations where they can be easily seen.
• Extinguishers should be mounted on brackets or installed in wall cabinets with their tops not more than 5 feet above the floor.
• Heavier fire extinguishers (those weighing more than 40 pounds) should have their tops not more than 3.5 feet above the floor.
• There should be no obstructions blocking access to the fire extinguishers.

2. Types of Fire Extinguishers

Businesses must have the correct type of fire extinguishers based on the specific hazards present in their environment. The NMAC classifies fire extinguishers into different types according to the classes of fires they are designed to extinguish:

• Class A: For fires involving ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, and cloth.
• Class B: For fires involving flammable liquids like gasoline, oil, and grease.
• Class C: For fires involving electrical equipment.
• Class D: For fires involving combustible metals.
• Class K: For fires involving cooking oils and fats, commonly found in commercial kitchens.

Businesses must evaluate their fire hazards and ensure they have the appropriate type(s) of fire extinguishers.

3. Maintenance and Inspection

The NMAC requires regular maintenance and inspection of fire extinguishers to ensure they are in good working condition.

This includes:

• Monthly Inspections: Conducting visual inspections every month to check that fire extinguishers are in their designated places, are not obstructed, and appear to be in operable condition. The pressure gauge should indicate the proper pressure, and there should be no visible signs of damage or tampering.
• Annual Certification: Having a qualified professional perform a thorough examination of each fire extinguisher annually.  
• Hydrostatic Testing: Depending on the type of extinguisher, hydrostatic testing should be performed at intervals specified by the manufacturer. This involves pressure testing the extinguisher to ensure the integrity of the cylinder.

4. Training and Education

The NMAC emphasizes the importance of training employees on the proper use of fire extinguishers. Businesses must:

• Provide initial and periodic training to employees on how to use fire extinguishers correctly.
• Ensure employees are familiar with the location and types of fire extinguishers available in their workplace.
• Conduct fire drills and practical training sessions to reinforce fire safety practices.

5. Record Keeping

Maintaining accurate records is a crucial aspect of compliance. Businesses must keep records of:

• Monthly inspections, including the date and initials of the person performing the inspection.
• Annual maintenance checks, including detailed reports from qualified professionals.
• Hydrostatic testing, including the date of the test and the results.
• Employee training sessions, including dates, topics covered, and attendance records.

Conclusion

Compliance with the New Mexico Administrative Code regarding fire extinguishers is essential for the safety of employees and customers in businesses. By understanding the requirements for placement, types, maintenance, training, and record-keeping, business owners can ensure they are prepared for fire emergencies as well as meeting local and state regulations.

Regular inspections and proper training can significantly reduce the risk of fire-related incidents, protecting both lives and property. For detailed information and assistance with compliance, businesses can consult the State Fire Marshal’s office or a qualified fire safety professional. By prioritizing fire safety, businesses not only adhere to legal requirements but also foster a safer working environment for everyone.